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Earnings Per Share [Text Block]

Net Income (Loss) per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average common shares outstanding. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average common shares outstanding without the impact of potential dilutive common shares outstanding because they would have an anti-dilutive impact on diluted net loss per share. The treasury-stock method is used to determine the dilutive effect of the Company’s stock option grants, and the if-converted method is used to determine the dilutive effect of the Company’s convertible notes.

The computation of net loss per share for the

three

and

nine

months ended

September 30, 2017

and

2016

is shown below.

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands, except per share data)	2017		2016		2017			2016
Basic net income (loss) per share:
Net income (loss)	$	10,367	$	8,092	$	(166,175	)	$	3,204
Weighted-average number of common shares-basic		46,344		42,813		45,338			42,704

Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.22	$	0.19	$	(3.67	)	$	0.08

Diluted net income (loss) per share:
Net income (loss)	$	10,367	$	8,092	$	(166,175	)	$	3,204
Interest expense applicable to convertible debt, net of tax		1,450		-		-			-
Amortization of debt issuance costs, net of tax		289		-		-			-
Net income (loss) for calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share	$	12,106	$	8,092	$	(166,175	)	$	3,204

Weighted-average number of common shares-basic		46,344		42,813		45,338			42,704
Assumed exercise of stock options under the treasury stock method		660		630		-			630
Assumed shares from Convertible Notes under if-converted method		18,079		-		-			-
Weighted-average number of common shares-diluted		65,083		43,443		45,338			43,334

Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.19	$	0.19	$	(3.67	)	$	0.07

The outstanding options to purchase common stock and the shares issuable under the Convertible Note utilizing the if-converted method were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented below:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Employee stock options		3,885		2,410		6,435		2,410
Convertible Notes, assumed shares if-converted		-		-		18,079		-

Note 4 - Segment Information

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block]

Segment Information

The Company has

one

operating segment which is the development and commercialization of pharmaceutical products. Summarized product category and geographic information is shown in the tables below.

Product Category Information

Revenues for product categories are attributed based on the following categories.

Product sales revenue represents drug product net sales of AMITIZA in North America, Japan and Europe and drug product net sales of RESCULA in Japan. Research and development revenue represents funded development work primarily related to AMITIZA. Product royalty revenue represents royalty revenue earned on the net sales of AMITIZA in North America. Contract and collaboration revenue represents the amortization of up-front payments under the North America Takeda Agreement and release of the collaboration obligation under the Global Takeda Agreement.

Company revenues by product category were as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Product sales revenue - AMITIZA	$	33,652	$	29,132	$	97,124	$	79,253
Product sales revenue - RESCULA		2,163		2,422		7,082		7,285
Product royalty revenue		23,024		20,771		62,021		56,222
Research and development revenue		2,381		3,172		10,880		9,971
Contract and collaboration revenue		46		2,376		338		4,301
Total	$	61,266	$	57,873	$	177,445	$	157,032

Geographical Information

Revenues are attributable to countries based on the location of the customer. The Company operates a manufacturing facility in Japan that supplies products to customers as well as the Company’s subsidiaries in other countries. The sales from the manufacturing operations to other countries are included in the net sales of the country in which the manufacturing location is based. All intercompany sales are excluded to derive consolidated revenues. The Company’s country of domicile is the United States.

Company revenues by geographic location were as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2017		2016		2017		2016
United States	$	38,572	$	34,911	$	110,903	$	98,073
Japan		22,694		19,839		66,309		54,004
Rest of the world		-		3,123		233		4,955
Total	$	61,266	$	57,873	$	177,445	$	157,032

The Company’s property and equipment, net by geographic location where located on

September 30, 2017

and

December 31, 2016

were as follows:

(In thousands)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
United States	$	2,646	$	3,065
Japan		3,020		3,119
Rest of the world		24		32
Total	$	5,690	$	6,216

Note 5 - Asset Acquisition

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Business Combination Disclosure [Text Block]

Asset Acquisition

The following table and narrative summarizes the Company’s asset acquisition during the

nine

months ended

September

30,

2017.


Counterparty	Compound(s) or Therapy	Acquisition Month	Phase of Development (1)		Acquired IPR&D Expense (In thousands)
Vtesse Inc	VTS-270 - 2-hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrins (HPßCD)	April 2017	Phase 2b / 3	$	186,603

(

)

The phase of development presented is as of the date of the arrangement.

April 2017,

the Company acquired Vtesse, including its Phase

2b/3

product candidate, VTS-

270

(the IPR&D asset), a well-characterized mixture of HPßCD with a specific compositional fingerprint that distinguishes it from other HPßCD mixtures, for the treatment of NPC-

an ultra-orphan, progressive and fatal disease. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company acquired Vtesse for upfront consideration of

$212.0

million and agreed to pay contingent consideration based on mid-single digit to double-digit royalties on global net sales of the product based on increasing net sales levels, and a share of net proceeds that

may

be generated from the monetization of a pediatric review voucher, which the Company expects to be granted in connection with U.S regulatory approval of VTS-

270.

Of the

$212.0

million consideration, the Company made a cash payment of

$182.0

million and issued

$30.0

million of Treasury Stock, in the form of

2,782,678

Class A common shares,

based upon the closing price of

$10.78

April 3, 2017,

to former Vtesse stockholders.

The following summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocation:

(In thousands)
Total purchase price	$	211,996
Total fair value of tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed:

Deferred Tax Assets		(13,613	)
Net Assets		(11,780	)
Total IPR&D asset	$	186,603

Vtesse did

not

meet the definition of a business under ASC

805,

as substantially all of the fair value of Vtesse was attributable to the VTS-

270

IPR&D asset. Based on the asset acquisition method of accounting, the consideration paid was allocated primarily to the IPR&D asset acquired of

$186.6

million, which was immediately expensed as the IPR&D asset has

other alternate use. The balance was allocated to the remaining assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values. The acquired IPR&D expense is

not

tax deductible.

Note 6 - Fair Value Measurements	9 Months Ended
Note 6 - Fair Value Measurements	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements
Fair Value, Measurement Inputs, Disclosure [Text Block]	6. Fair Value Measurements The Company performs fair value measurements in accordance with the FASB’s guidance for fair value measurements and disclosures, which defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. A fair value hierarchy is established which requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The Company classifies its assets and liabilities into the following categories based on the three levels of inputs used to measure fair value: Level 1 : Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2 : Inputs, other than the quoted price in active markets, that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; or Level 3 : Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, product royalties receivable, accounts payable and other accrued liabilities, approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. The Company has elected the fair value option on its investment in CPP; as such, it is measured at fair value on a recurring basis and was classified as Level 2. At September 30, 2017, the estimated fair value of the investment in CPP was $10.4 million. For the three months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recorded $0.1 million in other income due to the increase in fair value of the investment in CPP. The estimated fair value of the Company’s long-term debt at September 30, 2017 was $309.0 million, was classified as Level 2, and was based on available market data as of September 30, 2017. The estimated fair values may not represent actual values of the financial instruments that could be realized as of the balance sheet date or that will be realized in the future. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no financial instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

Note 7 - Inventory

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Inventory Disclosure [Text Block]

Inventory

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value with cost being determined using a standard cost method, which approximates average cost. Inventories consist of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods. The Company’s inventories include the direct purchase cost of materials and supplies and manufacturing overhead costs.

Inventory consisted of the following at

September 30, 2017

and

December 31, 2016:

(In thousands)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Raw materials	$	787	$	1,414
Work in process		21,722		18,045
Finished goods		1,667		4,009
Total	$	24,176	$	23,468

Note 8 - Investments, Non-current	9 Months Ended
Note 8 - Investments, Non-current	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements
Investment [Text Block]	8. Investments, Non-Current Investment in CPP In 2016, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (CPP Securities Agreement) and an Option and Collaboration Agreement (CPP Option Agreement) with CPP for the development and commercialization of CPP- 1X/sulindac combination. Under the terms of the CPP Securities Agreement, the Company provided $5.0 million in January 2016 and $5.0 million in September 2017 to CPP in exchange for convertible notes. Both convertible notes bear interest at the rate of 5% per annum. The January 2016 and the September 2017 convertible notes mature on January 31, 2019 and September 6, 2020, respectively, unless earlier converted or prepaid. Under the terms of the CPP Option Agreement, CPP granted the Company the sole option to acquire an exclusive license to commercialize CPP- 1X/Sulindac combination product in North America. CPP- 1X/Sulindac is currently in a Phase 3 clinical trial for the treatment of FAP. Target enrollment in the study was achieved in April 2016 and the trial is expected to conclude in 2018. The Company agreed to pay CPP an option fee of $7.5 million, payable in two tranches. The first tranche of $3.0 million was paid in January 2016 upon signing. On June 7, 2017, CPP informed the Company that an IDMC, following a planned interim futility analysis, found no reason to discontinue the Phase 3 study. Pursuant to the Company’s agreement with CPP, the Company made a $4.5 million payment for the second option fee tranche, which was recorded as research and development expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. CPP is considered to be a VIE with respect to the Company. Following the $4.5 million license option tranche payment and $5.0 million investment, the Company reassessed whether it is the primary beneficiary of CPP. The Company concluded that the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact CPP’s economic performance continues to be held by the board of directors and management of CPP. The Company does not have a voting representative on CPP’s board and does not have the right to appoint or elect such a voting representative. Therefore, the Company is not the primary beneficiary of CPP, and the entity is not consolidated with the financial statements of the Company. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss as a result of its involvement with CPP was $10.4 million and $5.2 million as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively. The Company has elected the fair value option on the convertible notes received from CPP due to the financial characteristics of the investment. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the fair value of the convertible notes were $10.4 million and $5.2 million, respectively.

Note 9 - Intangible Assets

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Intangible Assets Disclosure [Text Block]

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following as of

September 30, 2017

and

December 31, 2016:

	September 30, 2017				December 31, 2016
	Weighted average life (in months)	Carrying amount			Weighted average life (in months)	Carrying amount
Carrying amount (in thousands)
Patent and license rights	51	$	10,513		60	$	10,513
Manufacturing know-how	59		134,600		65		134,600
Accumulated amortization			(54,401	)			(34,142	)
Impairment losses			(5,651	)			(5,651	)
Foreign currency translation adjustments			22,814				22,814
Total intangible assets, net		$	107,875			$	128,134

For each of the

three

months ended

September 30, 2017

and

2016,

the Company recorded amortization expense of

$6.7

million. For the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2017

and

2016,

the Company recorded amortization expense of

$20.3

million and

$18.9

million, respectively.

Note 10 - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities Disclosure [Text Block]

10.

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses consisted of the following at

September 30, 2017

and

December 31, 2016:

(In thousands)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Research and development costs	$	3,645	$	3,030
Employee compensation		5,473		7,513
Legal and accounting fees		1,005		622
Selling and marketing		958		-
Information technology		444		-
Restructuring		-		163
Other accrued expenses		714		1,061
Total	$	12,239	$	12,389

Other current liabilities consisted of the following at

September 30, 2017

and

December 31, 2016:

(In thousands)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Indirect taxes payable	$	5,203	$	1,756
Squeeze out liability for non-tendering R-Tech shareholders		150		155
Other current liabilities		468		264
Total	$	5,821	$	2,175

Note 11 - Other Liabilities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Text Block]

11.

Other Liabilities

Other liabilities consisted of the following at

September 30, 2017

and

December 31, 2016:

(In thousands)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Deferred grants	$	750	$	750
Unrecognized tax benefits		4,342		4,060
Deferred leasehold incentive		1,458		1,582
Defined benefit obligation		855		818
Lease liability		1,594		1,183
Other		418		398
Total	$	9,417	$	8,791

Note 12 - Debt

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Text Block]

12.

Debt

December 27, 2016,

the Company issued

$300.0

million aggregate principal amount of its

3.25%

Convertible Senior Notes due in

2021

(the Convertible Notes). Interest is payable semi-annually in cash in arrears on

June 15

and

December 15

of each year, beginning on

June 15, 2017,

at a rate of

3.25%

per year. The Convertible Notes mature on

December 15, 2021

unless earlier converted or repurchased, are

not

redeemable prior to the maturity date and

sinking fund is provided for the Convertible Notes.

As of

September 30, 2017,

the Company was in compliance with all covenants and conditions under the Convertible Notes.

The Convertible Notes are subject to the fair value disclosure requirements as discussed in Note

and are classified as a Level

instrument. The estimated fair value of the Convertible Notes at

September 30, 2017

and

December 31, 2016

was

$309.0

million and

$319.5

million, respectively.

Total future interest and debt principal repayment obligations related to the Convertible Notes were as follows as of

September 30, 2017:

(In thousands)	Year Ending December 31,
2017	$	2,458
2018		9,750
2019		9,750
2020		9,752
2021		309,323
Total minimum interest and debt principal payments	$	341,033

October 31, 2017,

the Company, as borrower, entered into a credit agreement, (Credit Agreement) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the lenders, providing for (i) a

three

-year,

$100

million revolving loan facility and (ii) an uncommitted accordion facility subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions (collectively, the Facility). The Facility includes a

$50

million multicurrency subfacility, a

million letter of credit subfacility and a

million swing line loan subfacility. Loans under the Facility bear interest, at the Company’s option, at a rate equal to either (a) the LIBOR rate, plus an applicable margin ranging from

2.50%

3.50%

per annum, based upon the total net leverage ratio, or (b) the prime lending rate, plus an applicable margin ranging from

1.50%

2.50%

per annum, based upon the total net leverage ratio. Any borrowings of the Facility through the end of

2018

will be fixed to an interest rate of LIBOR plus

300

basis points.

The Company can borrow under the Facility through

October 31, 2020,

at which time the Facility expires and all outstanding principal amounts will be due and payable.

The Facility is secured by all tangible and intangible assets of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries, except for certain customary excluded assets, and

65%

of the capital stock of certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries.

Any undrawn amount of the Facility will accrue a commitment fee of

0.50%

through the end of

2018

. The commitment fee for any undrawn amount of the Facility after

2018

may

fluctuate

based on the Company’s total net leverage ratio for the remainder of the term

. The Facility requires the Company to comply with financial covenants, including a

maximum senior secured net leverage ratio, minimum liquidity and minimum EBITDA covenants.

There was

outstanding balance under the Facility as of the date of issuance of these financial statements.

Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]

13.

Commitments and Contingencies

Operating Leases

The Company leases office space in the United States, Switzerland and Japan under operating leases through

2027.

Total future minimum, non-cancelable lease payments under operating leases as of

September 30, 2017

were as follows:

(In thousands)	Year Ending December 31,
2017	$	579
2018		2,173
2019		1,672
2020		1,426
2021		1,328
Total minimum lease payments	$	7,178

Rent expense for all operating leases was

$0.4

million and

$0.7

million for the

three

months ended

September 30, 2017

and

September 30, 2016,

respectively and

$1.2

million and

$2.0

million for the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2017

and

2016,

respectively.

CPP

As described in Note

under the terms of the CPP Option Agreement, CPP granted the Company the sole option to acquire an exclusive license to commercialize CPP-

1X/Sulindac

combination product in North America.

Upon exercise of its exclusive option, the Company would acquire the rights to negotiate an exclusive license to develop and commercialize the product in North America for all indications. In connection with the execution of the definitive license agreement, the Company could be obligated to pay CPP up to an aggregate of

$190.0

million of specified license fees and clinical development and sales milestones. The

first

such payment to CPP would be due upon the execution of the license agreement; the amount of the license fee will be

$5.0

million if the Company’s option is exercised prior to the completion of the CPP FAP-

310

trial or

$10.0

million if the license agreement is exercised after such completion. Under the terms of the license, the Company and CPP would share equally in net profits from the sale of licensed products.

Note 14 - Stock Option Plans

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]

14.

Stock Option Plans

A summary of employee stock option activity for the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2017

under the Company’s Amended and Restated

2006

Stock Incentive Plan is presented below:

2006 Stock Incentive Plan	Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Options outstanding, December 31, 2016		4,642,399		$	10.86
Options granted		-			-
Options exercised		(119,995	)		4.98
Options forfeited		(468,770	)		10.91
Options expired		(12,599	)		9.60
Options outstanding, September 30, 2017		4,041,035			11.03		6.9	$	8,765,785
Options exercisable, September 30, 2017		2,425,729			10.05		6.2	$	6,984,532
Options vested and expected to vest, September 30, 2017		4,041,035			11.03		6.9	$	8,765,785

A summary of employee stock option activity for the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2017

under the Company’s

2016

Equity Incentive Plan (the

“2016

Plan”) is presented below:

2016 Equity Incentive Plan	Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Options outstanding, December 31, 2016		74,750		$	12.66
Options granted		1,993,694			11.36
Options exercised		-			-
Options forfeited		(91,557	)		11.85
Options expired		(36,700	)		13.97
Options outstanding, September 30, 2017		1,940,187			11.33		7.8	$	1,315,226
Options exercisable, September 30, 2017		377,153			11.36		0.6	$	539,950
Options vested and expected to vest, September 30, 2017		1,940,187			11.33		7.8	$	1,315,226

The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2017

was

$5.33.

A summary of employee restricted stock units activity for the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2017

under the Company’s

2016

Plan is presented below:

2016 Equity Incentive Plan	Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding Restricted Stock Units, December 31, 2016		63,700		$	12.29
Restricted Stock Units granted		487,454			11.77
Restricted Stock Units vested		(86,900	)		12.17
Restricted Stock Units forfeited		(15,729	)		11.85
Outstanding Restricted Stock Units, September 30, 2017		448,525			11.76

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The following table summarizes the activity under the Company’s Amended and Restated

2006

Employee Stock Purchase Plan for the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2017

and

2016:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands, except share amounts)	2017		2016
Shares issued under the ESPP		25,203		18,719
Cash received by the Company under the ESPP	$	229,537	$	174,572

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The following table details the accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) activity for the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2017

and

2016:

(In thousands)	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments			Unrealized Income on Investments, Net of Tax Effect		Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Pension Benefit Obligation			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance January 1, 2016	$	14,243		$	42	$	(873	)	$	13,412
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		40,890			-		37			40,927
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		-			-		-			-
Balance September 30, 2016	$	55,133		$	42	$	(836	)	$	54,339

Balance January 1, 2017	$	55,119		$	42	$	(634	)	$	54,527
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(77	)		-		7			(70	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		-			-		-			-
Balance September 30, 2017	$	55,042		$	42	$	(627	)	$	54,457

Note 15 - Income Taxes	9 Months Ended
Note 15 - Income Taxes	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]	15. Income Taxes The provision for income taxes is based upon the estimated annual effective tax rates for the year applied to the current period income before tax plus the tax effect of any significant unusual items, discrete events or changes in tax law. The Company’s operating subsidiaries are exposed to effective tax rates ranging from zero to approximately 40%. Fluctuations in the distribution of pre-tax income among the Company’s operating subsidiaries can lead to fluctuations of the effective tax rate in the condensed consolidated financial statements. In the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the actual effective tax rates were 41% and 47.8%, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the actual effective tax rates were ( 8.3% ) and 57.4%, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016 was due to a decrease in current U.S. income inclusions for activities captured in the Company’s controlled foreign corporations. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016 was primarily due to the non-deductibility of the acquired in-process research and development expense during 2017. Tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2017 decreased compared to the three months ended September 30, 2016 due to the lower effective tax rate described above. Tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 increased compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2016 primarily due an increase in earnings with no tax benefit available for the acquired in-process research and development in 2017 from Vtesse. The Company assesses uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740 (ASC 740 - 10 Accounting for Uncertainties in Tax). As of September 30, 2017, the Company’s net unrecognized tax benefits totaled $3.2 million, excluding interest and penalties. Of this balance, $1.7 million would favorably impact the Company’s effective tax rate in the periods if they are recognized. Management has not identified any material uncertain tax positions that are reasonably likely to be released during the next 12 months due to lapse of statutes of limitations or settlements with tax authorities. The Company conducts business globally and, as a result, files numerous consolidated and separate income tax returns in the U.S., Switzerland and Japan, as well as in various other state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world. Currently tax years 2012 to 2016 remain open and subject to examination in the major tax jurisdictions in which tax returns are filed. The tax years 2009 - 2011 were examined by the U.S. tax authorities and resulted in no tax adjustments. On October 18, 2017, the Company was informed its Japanese subsidiaries’ 2013 through 2017 Japanese income tax returns are under audit by the Japan Tax Authority (Regional Taxation Bureau).

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	9 Months Ended
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Sep. 30, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Certain Risks, Concentrations and Uncertainties Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and receivables. The Company places its cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash with highly rated financial institutions. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, approximately $1.1 million, or 1.5%, and $1.2 million, or less than 1%, respectively, of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash were issued or insured by the U.S. government or other government agencies. The Company has not experienced any losses on these accounts related to amounts in excess of insured limits. Revenues from Takeda, an unrelated party, accounted for 63.0% and 65.7% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 62.6% and 65.6% of the Company’s total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Accounts receivable and product royalties receivable from Takeda accounted for 69.0% and 69.6% of the Company’s total accounts receivable and product royalties receivable at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Revenues from another unrelated party, Mylan, accounted for 33.5% and 30.1% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 33.3% and 29.6% of the Company’s total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Accounts receivable from Mylan accounted for 27.1% and 30.1% of the Company’s total accounts receivable and product royalties receivable at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The Company depends significantly upon collaborations with Takeda and Mylan, and its activities may be impacted if these relationships are disrupted.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Fair Value of Financial Instruments The carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments approximate their fair values due to their short maturities, independent valuations or internal assessments. The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, receivables, accounts payable and other accrued liabilities. The Company’s investment in CPP is measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and the Company estimated the fair value of its long-term debt as of September 30, 2017 based on the available market data as of September 30, 2017.
Consolidation, Variable Interest Entity, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Variable Interest Entities The Company performs initial and on-going evaluations of the entities with which it has variable interests, such as equity ownership, in order to identify entities (i) that do not have sufficient equity investment at risk to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or (ii) in which the equity investors lack an essential characteristic of a controlling financial interest. Such entities are classified as variable interest entities (VIEs). If an entity is identified as a VIE, the Company performs an assessment to determine whether the Company has both (i) the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) have the obligation to absorb losses from or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. If both of these criteria are satisfied, the Company is identified as the primary beneficiary of the VIE. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, CPP, in which the Company held a variable interest, was determined to be a VIE. However, as described in Note 8, the Company does not have the power to direct CPP’s economic performance and, as a result, the Company is not the primary beneficiary of CPP and the entity is not consolidated with the financial statements of the Company.
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In July 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2015 - 11, "Inventory (Topic 330 ): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory." ASU No. 2015 - 11 applies only to inventory for which cost is determined by methods other than last in, first -out and the retail inventory method, which includes inventory that is measured using first -in, first -out or average cost. Inventory within the scope of this standard is required to be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2017. The adoption of this standard had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016 - 09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which changes the accounting for certain aspects of share-based payments to employees. The new guidance requires excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recorded in the statement of operations when the awards vest or are settled. In addition, cash flows related to excess tax benefits will no longer be separately classified as a financing activity apart from other income tax cash flows. The standard also clarifies that all cash payments made on an employee’s behalf for withheld shares should be presented as a financing activity on the statement of cash flows, and provides an accounting policy election to account for forfeitures as they occur. The new standard is effective for the Company’s calendar year beginning January 1, 2017. On January 1, 2017, as a result of adopting ASU No. 2016 - 09, the Company recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment of $1.1 million between retained earnings and additional paid in capital as the Company elected to recognize forfeitures as they occur. Additionally, a retrospective adjustment to the Company’s statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 resulted in an increase of $460,000 to net cash provided by operating activities and a decrease of $460,000 to net cash provided by financing activities. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017 - 01, “Clarifying the Definition of a Business.” This definition, as defined in ASC 805, is used in determining whether acquisitions are accounted for as business combinations or as the acquisition of assets. This standard modifies the definition of a business, including providing a screen to determine when an acquired set of assets and activities is not a business. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. The standard also makes other modifications to clarify what must be included in an acquired set for it to be a business and how to evaluate the set to determine whether it is a business. The Company’s acquisitions subsequent to December 31, 2016, such as the acquisition of Vtesse, are subject to the application of the modified definition. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017 - 04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350 ): Simplifying the test for goodwill impairment.” ASU No. 2017 - 04 simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 in the quantitative test and requires an entity to record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value. ASU 2017 - 04 will be applied prospectively and is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests conducted in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The new standard is effective for the Company for its fiscal 2021 fourth quarter goodwill impairment test. Early adoption is permitted for annual and interim goodwill impairment testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company elected to early adopt ASU No. 2017 - 04 on January 1, 2017. The adoption had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017 - 09, “Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718 ): Scope of Modification Accounting”. ASU 2017 - 09 provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in Topic 718. An entity should account for the effects of a modification unless all the following are met: 1 ) the fair value of the modified award is the same as the fair value of the original award immediately before the original award is modified, 2 ) the vesting conditions of the modified award are the same as the vesting conditions of the original award immediately before the original award is modified, and 3 ) the classification of the modified award as an equity instrument or a liability instrument is the same as the classification of the original award immediately before the original award is modified. The amendment in ASU No. 2017 - 09 is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and is to be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period. The Company adopted ASU No. 2017 - 09 on July 1, 2017. Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014 - 09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, which will replace numerous requirements in GAAP, including industry-specific requirements. This guidance provides a five -step model to be applied to all contracts with customers, with an underlying principle that an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The FASB has issued several amendments to the standard including clarification on accounting for licenses of intellectual property, identifying performance obligations, and most recently, technical corrections on the interpretation of the new guidance. ASU No. 2014 - 09 requires extensive quantitative and qualitative disclosures covering the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including disclosures on significant judgments made when applying the guidance. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods therein. An entity can elect to apply the guidance under one of the following two methods: (i) retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented – referred to as the full retrospective method or (ii) retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard recognized at the date of initial application in retained earning – referred to as the modified retrospective method. The Company has established a project team in order to analyze the effect of the standard on its revenue streams by reviewing its current accounting policies and practices to identify potential differences which would result from applying the requirements of the new standard to its revenue contracts. The Company has identified each revenue stream and is nearing the completion of its assessment of all potential effects of the standard. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of adoption. The Company plans to adopt the new standard effective January 1, 2018, applying the modified retrospective method. The adoption of ASU No. 2014 - 09 will at least impact the timing of certain product sales revenues that are currently being recognized using the sell-through method. We anticipate that the adoption of ASU 2014 - 09 will result in earlier recognition of these product sales revenues and will create an adjustment to the Company’s accumulated deficit balance. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016 - 02, “Leases,” that requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for most leases including operating leases. Lessees now classify leases as either finance or operating leases and lessors classify all leases as sales-type, direct financing or operating leases. The statement of operations presentation and expense recognition for lessees for finance leases is similar to that of capital leases under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 840 with separate interest and amortization expense with higher periodic expense in the earlier periods of a lease. For operating leases, the statement of operations presentation and expense recognition is similar to that of operating leases under ASC 840 with single lease cost recognized on a straight-line basis. This guidance is to be applied using a modified retrospective approach at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements and is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU No. 2016 - 02 may have on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures, but expects recognizing the lease liability and related right-of-use asset will impact its consolidated balance sheet. In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017 - 07, “Compensation—Retirement Benefits (Topic 715 ): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.” ASU No. 2017 - 07 requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from operations, if one is presented. The amendments in this ASU No. 2017 - 07 also allow only the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization when applicable. The amendments in ASU No. 2017 - 07 are effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and are to be applied retrospectively, including interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual period for which financial statements (interim or annual) have not been issued or made available for issuance. The Company is currently analyzing the impact of ASU No. 2017 - 07, and is currently unable to determine the impact of the new standard, if any, on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Note 3 - Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands, except per share data)	2017		2016		2017			2016
Basic net income (loss) per share:
Net income (loss)	$	10,367	$	8,092	$	(166,175	)	$	3,204
Weighted-average number of common shares-basic		46,344		42,813		45,338			42,704

Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.22	$	0.19	$	(3.67	)	$	0.08

Diluted net income (loss) per share:
Net income (loss)	$	10,367	$	8,092	$	(166,175	)	$	3,204
Interest expense applicable to convertible debt, net of tax		1,450		-		-			-
Amortization of debt issuance costs, net of tax		289		-		-			-
Net income (loss) for calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share	$	12,106	$	8,092	$	(166,175	)	$	3,204

Weighted-average number of common shares-basic		46,344		42,813		45,338			42,704
Assumed exercise of stock options under the treasury stock method		660		630		-			630
Assumed shares from Convertible Notes under if-converted method		18,079		-		-			-
Weighted-average number of common shares-diluted		65,083		43,443		45,338			43,334

Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.19	$	0.19	$	(3.67	)	$	0.07

Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Table Text Block]

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Employee stock options		3,885		2,410		6,435		2,410
Convertible Notes, assumed shares if-converted		-		-		18,079		-

Note 4 - Segment Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Revenue from External Customers by Products and Services [Table Text Block]

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Product sales revenue - AMITIZA	$	33,652	$	29,132	$	97,124	$	79,253
Product sales revenue - RESCULA		2,163		2,422		7,082		7,285
Product royalty revenue		23,024		20,771		62,021		56,222
Research and development revenue		2,381		3,172		10,880		9,971
Contract and collaboration revenue		46		2,376		338		4,301
Total	$	61,266	$	57,873	$	177,445	$	157,032

Revenue from External Customers by Geographic Areas [Table Text Block]

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2017		2016		2017		2016
United States	$	38,572	$	34,911	$	110,903	$	98,073
Japan		22,694		19,839		66,309		54,004
Rest of the world		-		3,123		233		4,955
Total	$	61,266	$	57,873	$	177,445	$	157,032

Long-lived Assets by Geographic Areas [Table Text Block]

(In thousands)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
United States	$	2,646	$	3,065
Japan		3,020		3,119
Rest of the world		24		32
Total	$	5,690	$	6,216

Note 5 - Asset Acquisition (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Schedule of Business Acquisitions, by Acquisition [Table Text Block]


Counterparty	Compound(s) or Therapy	Acquisition Month	Phase of Development (1)		Acquired IPR&D Expense (In thousands)
Vtesse Inc	VTS-270 - 2-hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrins (HPßCD)	April 2017	Phase 2b / 3	$	186,603

(In thousands)
Total purchase price	$	211,996
Total fair value of tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed:

Deferred Tax Assets		(13,613	)
Net Assets		(11,780	)
Total IPR&D asset	$	186,603

Note 7 - Inventory (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Schedule of Inventory, Current [Table Text Block]

(In thousands)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Raw materials	$	787	$	1,414
Work in process		21,722		18,045
Finished goods		1,667		4,009
Total	$	24,176	$	23,468

Note 9 - Intangible Assets (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Schedule of Intangible Assets and Goodwill [Table Text Block]

	September 30, 2017				December 31, 2016
	Weighted average life (in months)	Carrying amount			Weighted average life (in months)	Carrying amount
Carrying amount (in thousands)
Patent and license rights	51	$	10,513		60	$	10,513
Manufacturing know-how	59		134,600		65		134,600
Accumulated amortization			(54,401	)			(34,142	)
Impairment losses			(5,651	)			(5,651	)
Foreign currency translation adjustments			22,814				22,814
Total intangible assets, net		$	107,875			$	128,134

Note 10 - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Schedule of Accrued Liabilities [Table Text Block]

(In thousands)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Research and development costs	$	3,645	$	3,030
Employee compensation		5,473		7,513
Legal and accounting fees		1,005		622
Selling and marketing		958		-
Information technology		444		-
Restructuring		-		163
Other accrued expenses		714		1,061
Total	$	12,239	$	12,389

(In thousands)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Indirect taxes payable	$	5,203	$	1,756
Squeeze out liability for non-tendering R-Tech shareholders		150		155
Other current liabilities		468		264
Total	$	5,821	$	2,175

Note 11 - Other Liabilities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Table Text Block]

(In thousands)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Deferred grants	$	750	$	750
Unrecognized tax benefits		4,342		4,060
Deferred leasehold incentive		1,458		1,582
Defined benefit obligation		855		818
Lease liability		1,594		1,183
Other		418		398
Total	$	9,417	$	8,791

Note 12 - Debt (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt [Table Text Block]

(In thousands)	Year Ending December 31,
2017	$	2,458
2018		9,750
2019		9,750
2020		9,752
2021		309,323
Total minimum interest and debt principal payments	$	341,033

Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Schedule of Future Minimum Rental Payments for Operating Leases [Table Text Block]

(In thousands)	Year Ending December 31,
2017	$	579
2018		2,173
2019		1,672
2020		1,426
2021		1,328
Total minimum lease payments	$	7,178

Note 14 - Stock Option Plans (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity [Table Text Block]

2006 Stock Incentive Plan	Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Options outstanding, December 31, 2016		4,642,399		$	10.86
Options granted		-			-
Options exercised		(119,995	)		4.98
Options forfeited		(468,770	)		10.91
Options expired		(12,599	)		9.60
Options outstanding, September 30, 2017		4,041,035			11.03		6.9	$	8,765,785
Options exercisable, September 30, 2017		2,425,729			10.05		6.2	$	6,984,532
Options vested and expected to vest, September 30, 2017		4,041,035			11.03		6.9	$	8,765,785

2016 Equity Incentive Plan	Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Options outstanding, December 31, 2016		74,750		$	12.66
Options granted		1,993,694			11.36
Options exercised		-			-
Options forfeited		(91,557	)		11.85
Options expired		(36,700	)		13.97
Options outstanding, September 30, 2017		1,940,187			11.33		7.8	$	1,315,226
Options exercisable, September 30, 2017		377,153			11.36		0.6	$	539,950
Options vested and expected to vest, September 30, 2017		1,940,187			11.33		7.8	$	1,315,226

Schedule of Nonvested Restricted Stock Units Activity [Table Text Block]

2016 Equity Incentive Plan	Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding Restricted Stock Units, December 31, 2016		63,700		$	12.29
Restricted Stock Units granted		487,454			11.77
Restricted Stock Units vested		(86,900	)		12.17
Restricted Stock Units forfeited		(15,729	)		11.85
Outstanding Restricted Stock Units, September 30, 2017		448,525			11.76

Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Employee Stock Purchase Plan, Activity [Table Text Block]

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands, except share amounts)	2017		2016
Shares issued under the ESPP		25,203		18,719
Cash received by the Company under the ESPP	$	229,537	$	174,572

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table Text Block]

(In thousands)	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments			Unrealized Income on Investments, Net of Tax Effect		Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Pension Benefit Obligation			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance January 1, 2016	$	14,243		$	42	$	(873	)	$	13,412
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		40,890			-		37			40,927
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		-			-		-			-
Balance September 30, 2016	$	55,133		$	42	$	(836	)	$	54,339

Balance January 1, 2017	$	55,119		$	42	$	(634	)	$	54,527
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(77	)		-		7			(70	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		-			-		-			-
Balance September 30, 2017	$	55,042		$	42	$	(627	)	$	54,457

Note 1 - Business Organization and Basis of Presentation (Details Textual) - USD ($)

1 Months Ended

2 Months Ended

3 Months Ended

6 Months Ended

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Jul. 31, 2017

Jun. 30, 2017

Apr. 30, 2017

Jun. 30, 2015

May 31, 2015

Jun. 30, 2015

Sep. 30, 2017

Sep. 30, 2016

Jun. 30, 2017

Sep. 30, 2017

Sep. 30, 2016

Apr. 03, 2017

$ 186,603,000

Vtesse Inc. [Member]

Business Combination Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Deferred Tax Assets

$ 186,600,000

186,600,000

186,603,000

^[1]

$ 13,600,000

13,600,000

$ 13,613,000

Research and Development Expense [Member]

Research and Development Option Expense

$ 5,000,000

$ 4,500,000

Takeda [Member] | Lubiprostone Alternate Formulation [Member]

Additional Reformulation Costs Funded, Percentage

100.00%

Takeda [Member] | Lubiprostone for Pediatric Functional Constipation [Member]

Additional Reformulation Costs Funded, Percentage

50.00%

70.00%

Gloria [Member] | China Gloria Agreement [Member]

Collaboration Revenue from Upfront Payment

$ 1,500,000

Gloria [Member] | First Tranche [Member] | China Gloria Agreement [Member]

Collaboration Revenue from Upfront Payment

$ 1,000,000

Gloria [Member] | Second Tranche [Member] | China Gloria Agreement [Member]

Collaboration Revenue from Upfront Payment

$ 500,000

[1]	The phase of development presented is as of the date of the arrangement.

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016	Jan. 01, 2017
Cash, FDIC Insured Amount	$ 1,100,000		$ 1,100,000		$ 1,200,000
Percentage of Deposit within Federally Insured Limits	1.50%		1.50%		1.00%
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption
Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption	1,072,000		1,072,000
Retained Earnings [Member]
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption	$ (1,072,000)		$ (1,072,000)
Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 [Member] \| Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption						$ 1,100,000
Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 [Member] \| Retained Earnings [Member]
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption						$ (1,100,000)
Reclassification of Cash Flow Related to Excess Tax Benefits from Financing Activities to Operating Activities [Member] \| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 [Member]
Prior Period Reclassification Adjustment				$ 460,000
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] \| Sales Revenue, Net [Member] \| Takeda [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	63.00%	65.70%	62.60%	65.60%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] \| Sales Revenue, Net [Member] \| Mylan [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	33.50%	30.10%	33.30%	29.60%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] \| Accounts Receivable [Member] \| Takeda [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage			69.00%		69.60%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] \| Accounts Receivable [Member] \| Mylan [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage			27.10%		30.10%

Note 3 - Net Income (Loss) Per Share - Computation of Net Income Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Basic net income (loss) per share:
Net income (loss)	$ 10,367	$ 8,092	$ (166,175)	$ 3,204
Weighted-average number of common shares-basic (in shares)	46,344	42,813	45,338	42,704
Basic net income (loss) per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.22	$ 0.19	$ (3.67)	$ 0.08
Diluted net income (loss) per share:
Net income (loss)	$ 10,367	$ 8,092	$ (166,175)	$ 3,204
Interest expense applicable to convertible debt, net of tax	1,450
Amortization of debt issuance costs, net of tax	289
Net income (loss) for calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share	$ 12,106	$ 8,092	$ (166,175)	$ 3,204
Weighted-average number of common shares-basic (in shares)	46,344	42,813	45,338	42,704
Assumed exercise of stock options under the treasury stock method (in shares)	660	630		630
Assumed shares from Convertible Notes under if-converted method (in shares)	18,079
Weighted-average number of common shares-diluted (in shares)	65,083	43,443	45,338	43,334
Diluted net income (loss) per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.19	$ 0.19	$ (3.67)	$ 0.07

Note 3 - Net Income (Loss) Per Share - Antidilutive Securities (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Employee Stock Option [Member]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	3,885	2,410	6,435	2,410
Convertible Debt Securities [Member]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)			18,079

Note 4 - Segment Information (Details Textual)	9 Months Ended
Note 4 - Segment Information (Details Textual)	Sep. 30, 2017
Number of Operating Segments	1

Note 4 - Segment Information - Revenues by Product Category (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Product sales revenue	$ 35,815	$ 31,554	$ 104,206	$ 86,538
Product royalty revenue	23,024	20,771	62,021	56,222
Research and development revenue	2,381	3,172	10,880	9,971
Contract and collaboration revenue	46	2,376	338	4,301
Total	61,266	57,873	177,445	157,032
Product - Amitiza [Member]
Product sales revenue	33,652	29,132	97,124	79,253
Product - Rescula [Member]
Product sales revenue	$ 2,163	$ 2,422	$ 7,082	$ 7,285

Note 4 - Segment Information - Revenues by Geographic Location (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Revenues	$ 61,266	$ 57,873	$ 177,445	$ 157,032
UNITED STATES
Revenues	38,572	34,911	110,903	98,073
JAPAN
Revenues	22,694	19,839	66,309	54,004
Rest of the World [Member]
Revenues		$ 3,123	$ 233	$ 4,955

Note 4 - Segment Information - Long-lived Assets by Geographic Areas (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Long-lived assets	$ 5,690	$ 6,216
UNITED STATES
Long-lived assets	2,646	3,065
JAPAN
Long-lived assets	3,020	3,119
Rest of the World [Member]
Long-lived assets	$ 24	$ 32

Note 5 - Asset Acquisition (Details Textual) - USD ($)

1 Months Ended

3 Months Ended

9 Months Ended

Apr. 03, 2017

Apr. 30, 2017

Sep. 30, 2017

Sep. 30, 2016

Sep. 30, 2017

Sep. 30, 2016

Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions

$ 30,000,000

Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions

186,603,000

Treasury Stock [Member]

42,251,000

Vtesse Inc. [Member]

Business Combination, Consideration Transferred

$ 211,996,000

$ 212,000,000

Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross

182,000,000